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The End of Obesity? Novo Nordisk’s Wild Ride


Novo Nordisk

Founded in Denmark, Novo Nordisk traces its roots back to the 1920s discovery of insulin. It became today’s Novo Nordisk via a 1989 merger of two early insulin-makers.

Today Novo is best known for its blockbuster GLP-1 drugs: weekly injections like Ozempic (semaglutide for type 2 diabetes) and Wegovy (higher-dose semaglutide for obesity).


Over the past few years, they rode the wave of skyrocketing obesity rates and shifting attitudes toward weight loss. This led to a surge in 💰 sales and 🌍 global demand.

🚀 Novo Nordisk was also Europe’s most valuable company at one point.

🧬 The Rise: How Semaglutide Changed the Game

  • Mechanism: Semaglutide mimics an intestinal hormone to boost insulin release and supress appetite.

  • Blockbuster launch:

    • Ozempic (for type 2 diabetes) broke $10 billion in sales within its first two years.

    • Wegovy (for obesity) doubled in sales year-over-year as patients and clinicians embraced medical weight management.

  • Global tailwinds:

    • Over 2.5 billion adults are overweight or obese worldwide.

    • Diabetes affects nearly 800 million, quadrupling since 1990.

    • Telehealth and D2C channels made it easier than ever to prescribe and refill treatments remotely.

But now? Novo Nordisk’s stock has dropped nearly 50% since mid-2024 📉, wiping out billions in value.

What happened?

  • Competition: Rival Eli Lilly’s Zepbound and Mounjaro are now outselling Novo Nordisk’s offerings in the U.S.

  • Supply can’t keep up: Patients and doctors are frustrated by semaglutide shortages.

  • Next-gen drugs disappointed: Their latest obesity treatment trails underwhelmed investors.

However, Novo Nordisk is still taking an aggressive stance to capture more market share. They’ve slashed prices, ramped up production, and investing more on R&D 💼.

  • Price cuts & patient programs: Up to 50% off Wegovy for cash-pay patients.

  • Capacity build-out: Acquiring new injectable production sites to eliminate bottlenecks.

  • Pipeline diversity: Investing in oral GLP-1 candidates and combo therapies to stay ahead of copycats.

  • Global expansion: Doubling down on markets in Asia and Latin America, where obesity rates are climbing fastest.





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